Isolated Escherichia coli resistance genes in broiler chicken

Abstract

Poultry production due to consumer demand has increased annually, which leads to the use of additives such as antibiotics to favor rearing conditions, this increases the deficiency in the composition of production animals’ intestinal microbiota and can generate microbiological and genetic changes; this microbiota can reach humans through food chain, generating a possible horizontal transfer of genes that encode resistance to antibiotics. The objective was to identify resistance profiles and the genes that encode it. Materials and methods: From 200 chickens, 35 strains of Escherichia coli with extended spectrum beta-lactamase resistance phenotype were isolated from healthy broilers, from production farms in Santander (Colombia). 83 % of the AmpC gene, 86 % of the blaCTXM gene, 54 % of the blaSHV gene and 57 % of the blaTEM gene were identified. Regarding the genes that code for resistance to quinolones, 94 % of the qnrB gene, 9 % of the qnrC gene and 0 % of the qnrA gene were identified. The coexistence of the genes that encode for resistance to antibiotics is a serious problem that requires vigilance, in view of this; control strategies must be generated to avoid the spread through the food chain, as well as strategies for the control of the use of antibiotics in the production.