Optimizing engine performance & emissions with CeO2 nanoparticles in diesel fuel: via response surface method

Abstract

The response section method (RSM) determines the effectiveness of the data transfer at different load conditions of the engine to minimize and amplify emissions. Traditionally, manual measurements can be used to measure performance and exhaust emissions under different load conditions. This saves costa in continuous measurement. In this experimental study, nanoparticles (NPs), which have been used as fuel additives recently, were added to the diesel fuel and their effect on engine performance and emissions was analyzed. Optimization was achieved using the response and results of the surface method application. CeO2 nanoparticles were added to the fuel, at 25, 50 and 100 ppm rates, and tests were conducted at 1600, 2000, 2400 and 2800 rpm engine speeds. According to the results, an increase in brake thermal efficiency, engine power, and engine torque was observed, as well as a decrease in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC). In emissions, CO, HC, and smoke emissions decreased, while NOx emissions increased. An optimization study was conducted with the data obtained subsequently.  In the optimization with the response surface method, the optimum values were 2200 rpm and 100 ppm CeO2. Hence, engine torque, engine power, BSFC, thermic efficiency, NOx, CO, HC and smoke emissions, 25.650 Nm, 6.374 kW, 325.175 g/kWh, 27.50%, 1192 ppm, 53.30%, 96 ppm and 45.40% values were obtained, respectively. As for engine performance parameters, low error rates were obtained. The response surface method is compatible with low error rates, especially in engine performance values.