Microneedles : A Smart Approach for Transdermal Drug Delivery System

Abstract

Due to the limitations of oral and parenteral medication delivery, which result in patient noncompliance, the Novel Drug Delivery System is currently more effective than the Conventional Drug Delivery System. The transdermal drug administration method is frequently used to deliver medications through the skin for both local and systemic effects. The stratum corneum's epidermal layer serves as a significant barrier for the transport of drugs via the skin. We can release a medicine by various techniques in a regulated manner with the aid of different sorts of microneedle patches on the skin, depending on the microneedle's design. Microneedles are made from a range of materials, including silicon, stainless steel, polymers, metals, and carbohydrates. These materials have been utilised to create coated, solid, dissolving, hollow, and hydrogel-forming microneedles. These microneedles transport different medications, proteins, vaccines, and immunobiological substances, and they are crucial in the treatment of many illnesses like cancer, diabetes, and pain management. The development of the microneedle faces numerous problems, including those related to stability, dosage accuracy, skin irritation cost, and more. The types, fabrication materials and processes, and applications of the microneedle drug delivery system are discussed in this review.