The Relationship between Postpartum Depression and Postpartum Support : Expatriate and Non-Expatriate Comparisons

Abstract

Poor social support is a known risk factor in the development of postpartum depression. Expatriate women may be at increased risk of experiencing lower levels of social support due to cultural and language barriers. Currently, research examining postpartum depression and levels of social support in expatriate women is sparse. The aim of this preliminary study was therefore to determine whether postpartum support is a predictor of postpartum depression in expatriate women. Sixty-five women based in the United Kingdom took part in an online cross-sectional survey consisting of a series of questionnaires gathering demographic information and measuring postpartum depression and postpartum social support. Of the total sample, 42 were expatriate and 23 were non-expatriate women, with a mean age of 33 years. Higher levels of depression were reported by the expatriate group. A significant negative correlation was identified between postpartum depression and postpartum support; perceived lack of social support was a significant predictor of postpartum depression. Levels of perceived emotional, material, informational and comparison support were reportedly lower in expatriate women compared to non-expatriate women. This study offers an early understanding of the potential risk factors associated with postpartum depression in expatriate women. Future studies are encouraged to develop interventions that aim to increase social support for expatriate women.