Swim, Strength, or Combined Programs: Effect on Health-Related Physical Fitness in Adolescents With Down Syndrome

Author:

Suarez-Villadat Borja12ORCID,Sadarangani Kabir34,Corredeira Rui Manuel56,Veiga Mario7,Villagra Ariel8

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Alfonso X el Sabio University, Madrid, Spain

2. Education Department, Camilo José Cela University, Madrid, Spain

3. School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health and Dentistry, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile

4. Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile

5. Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal

6. Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal

7. Adapted Physical Education Department, University of Puerto Rico at Bayamón, Bayamón, Puerto Rico

8. Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

Abstract

The adolescent population with Down syndrome (DS) appears to show higher levels of body fat and lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness or muscle strength than their peers without disabilities. There is a need to create physical activity programs to improve these data. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of a 16-week swimming program, strength program, and combined program (swimming and strength training) on body composition and health-related physical fitness on adolescents with DS and to assess whether there are differences in the results of the different training programs. Forty-five adolescents (17 female and 28 male; average age 15.5 [1.53] years) with DS were recruited and randomized to three groups (swim [n = 15], strength [n = 15], and combined [n = 15]). Results showed that the swim group had significant improvements in all health-related physical fitness variables and there was an improvement in some body-composition variables (p < .05). The strength and combined groups obtained minor improvements in the variables analyzed. In summary, a 16-week swim program consisting of three sessions of 60 min is able to improve levels of body composition and health-related physical fitness in adolescents with DS. The swim training program seems to be more effective in improving body composition and health-related physical fitness than the strength or combined program. These findings could be useful in different special-education centers due to the predisposition shown by the population with DS to this sport modality.

Publisher

Human Kinetics

Reference64 articles.

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