Serum Vitamin D Levels Mediate the Association Between Physical Activity and Blood Pressure in Adolescents

Author:

Araujo-Moura Keisyanne12ORCID,Nascimento-Ferreira Marcus Vinicius23ORCID,Schaan Beatriz456ORCID,Bloch Kátia7ORCID,de Carvalho Kênia8ORCID,Cureau Felipe4ORCID,Ferreira De Moraes Augusto César9ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Epidemiology, Graduate Program in Public Health and Graduate Program in Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

2. YCARE (Youth/Child and cArdiovascular Risk and Environmental) Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

3. HEALth, pHYsical Activity and Behavior ReseArch (HEALTHY-BRA) Group, Federal University of Tocantins, Campus Miracema, Miracema, TO, Brazil

4. Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

5. Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

6. Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

7. Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

8. Human Nutrition Program, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil

9. The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health in Austin, Department of Epidemiology, Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, Austin, TX, USA

Abstract

Individuals with low levels of vitamin D are associated with cardiovascular risks, such as elevated blood pressure (BP), and are; therefore, more likely to develop hypertension. Patients with vitamin D deficiency may face an increased risk of cardiovascular events. In this study, a multicenter, cross-sectional, and school-based investigation was conducted as part of the ERICA project. The sample comprised 1152 adolescents aged 12–17 years from 4 Brazilian cities. Anthropometric variables, BP measurements, and hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were assessed. A 2-level linear regression was fitted to examine the relationship between each level of BP and independent variables. Our findings indicate that movement behaviors were not associated with BP levels, with the exception of sleep time, which demonstrated a positive association. However, after adjustment, this association was found to be nonsignificant. Our study’s mediation analysis revealed that vitamin D mediates up to 12.9% of the association between physical activity and systolic BP. Vitamin D is inversely associated with BP in adolescents. In addition to mediating the physical activity and systolic BP association, engaging in physical activity, particularly outdoors, can provide a dual benefit for adolescents by increasing serum vitamin D levels and assisting in the control of BP levels.

Publisher

Human Kinetics

Reference54 articles.

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5. Karolinska Institutet (Sweden): Michael Sjostrom, Patrick Bergman, Marıa Hagstromer, Lena Hallstrom, Marten Hallberg, Eric Poortvliet, Julia Warnberg, Nico Rizzo, Linda Beckman, Anita Hurtig Wennlof, Emma Patterson, Lydia Kwak, Lars Cernerud, Per Tillgren, Stefaan Sorensen.

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