Salivary and Serum Concentrations of Cortisol and Testosterone at Rest and in Response to Intense Exercise in Boys Versus Men

Author:

Adebero Tony1,McKinlay Brandon John1,Theocharidis Alexandros1,Root Zach1,Josse Andrea R.2,Klentrou Panagiota1,Falk Bareket1

Affiliation:

1. 1Brock University

2. 2York University

Abstract

This study compared salivary and serum concentrations of testosterone and cortisol at rest and in response to intense multitask exercise in boys and men. Early morning saliva and venous blood samples were obtained before and 15 minutes after exercise from 30 competitive swimmers (15 boys, age 14.3 [1.9] y; 15 men, age 21.7 [3.1] y). Exercise included a swim-bench maximal strength task and an all-out 200-m swim, followed by a high-intensity interval swimming protocol (5 × 100 m, 5 × 50 m, and 5 × 25 m). At baseline, fasting testosterone (but not cortisol) concentration was higher in men than boys in serum and saliva (P < .05). Salivary and serum cortisol increased postexercise, with a greater increase in men compared with boys (men: 226% and 242%; boys: 78% and 64%, respectively; group by time interaction, P < .05). Testosterone was reduced postexercise in serum but not in saliva (men: −14.7% and 0.1%; boys: −33.9% and −4.5%, respectively, fluid by time interaction, P < .01). Serum and salivary cortisol (but not testosterone), preexercise and postexercise values were strongly correlated in both men and boys (r = .79 and .82, respectively; P < .01). In summary, early morning high-intensity exercise results in a decrease in testosterone in serum, but not saliva, and an increase in cortisol irrespective of the fluid used, in both boys and men. When examining immediate postexercise changes, the lack of correlation in testosterone between saliva and serum suggests that saliva may not be an appropriate fluid to examine changes in testosterone. The high correlation observed between serum and saliva for cortisol indicates that, in both boys and men, saliva may be used to monitor the immediate cortisol response to exercise.

Publisher

Human Kinetics

Subject

Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health

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