Interventions Based on Behavior Change Techniques to Encourage Physical Activity or Decrease Sedentary Behavior in Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 50–70: Systematic Review With Intervention Component Analysis

Author:

Ahmed Saima1234ORCID,Lazo Green Kimberly234ORCID,McGarrigle Lisa234ORCID,Money Annemarie1234ORCID,Pendleton Neil12345ORCID,Todd Chris12345ORCID

Affiliation:

1. National Institute of Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration—Greater Manchester (NIHR ARC-GM), The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

2. Healthy Ageing Research Group (HARG), School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

3. Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, United Kingdom

4. Manchester Institute for Collaborative Research on Ageing (MICRA), Manchester, United Kingdom

5. Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom

Abstract

Increasing physical activity (PA) and/or decreasing sedentary behaviors is important in the delay and prevention of long-term conditions. PA can help maintain function and independence and decrease the need for hospitalization/institutionalization. Activity rates often decline in later life resulting in a need for interventions that encourage uptake and adherence through the use of Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs). We conducted a systematic review of the evidence for interventions that included BCTs in community-dwelling adults with a mean age of 50–70. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. The interventions were psychosocial, nonpharmacological, and noninvasive interventions utilizing components based on BCTs that evaluated change in PA and/or sedentary behavior. Intervention Component Analysis (ICA) was used to synthesize effectiveness of intervention components. Twelve randomized controlled trials were included in this review. The mean sample age was 50–64. Thirteen BCTs were used across all studies, and the most commonly used techniques were goals and planning, feedback and monitoring, and natural consequences. Seven intervention components linked with BCTs were found: personalized goal setting, tailored feedback from facilitators, on-site and postintervention support, education materials and resources, reinforcing change on behavior and attitudes, self-reported monitoring, and social connectedness. All components, except for social connectedness, were associated with improved health behavior and PA levels. The interventions that use BCTs have incorporated strategies that reinforce change in behavior and attitudes toward PA.

Publisher

Human Kinetics

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