Kinetic Analysis, Potentiation, and Fatigue During Vertical and Horizontal Plyometric Training: An In-Depth Investigation Into Session Volume

Author:

Watkins Casey M.123ORCID,Gill Nicholas D.4,McGuigan Michael R.15,Maunder Ed1,Spence Alyssa-Joy1,Downes Paul26,Neville Jono1,Storey Adam G.1

Affiliation:

1. Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand

2. Auckland Rugby Union, Auckland, New Zealand

3. College of Arts and Sciences, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, USA

4. Health, Sport and Human Performance, University of Waikato, Tauranga, New Zealand

5. School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia

6. University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

Abstract

Despite previous support for plyometric training, optimal dosing strategies remain unclear. Purpose: To investigate vertical and horizontal jump kinetic performance following a low-volume plyometric stimulus with progressively increased session jump volume. Methods: Sixteen academy rugby players (20.0 [2.0] y; 103.0 [17.6] kg; 184.3 [5.5] cm) volunteered for this study. Vertical and horizontal jump sessions were conducted 1 week apart and consisted of a 40-jump low-volume plyometric stimulus using 4 exercises, after which volume was progressively increased to 200 jumps, using countermovement jump (CMJ) for vertical sessions and horizontal broad jump (HBJ) for horizontal sessions. Jump performance was assessed via force-plate analysis at baseline (PRE-0), following the low-volume plyometric stimulus (P-40), and every subsequent 10 jumps until the end of the session (P-50, P-60, P-70, ... P-200). Results: The low-volume stimulus was effective in potentiating HBJ (2% to 5%) but not CMJ (0% to −7%) performance (P < .001). The HBJ performance enhancements were maintained throughout the entire high-volume session, while CMJ realized small but significant decrements (−5% to −7%) in jump height P-50 to P-80 before recovering to presession values. Moreover, increases in eccentric impulse (5% to 24%; P < .001) in both sessions were associated with decreased or maintained concentric impulse, indicating a breakdown in performance-augmenting mechanisms and less effective power transfer concentrically after moderate volumes. Conclusion: Practitioners should consider kinetic differences between HBJ and CMJ with increasing volume to better inform and understand session dosing strategies.

Publisher

Human Kinetics

Subject

Orthopedics and Sports Medicine,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation

Reference52 articles.

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3. Effects of in-season short-term plyometric training program on leg power, jump- and sprint performance of soccer players;Chelly MS,2010

4. Short-term high intensity plyometric training program improves strength, power and agility in male soccer players;Váczi M,2013

5. Deceleration training in team sports: another potential “vaccine” for sports-related injury?;McBurnie AJ,2022

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