SIMULATION OF A POSSIBLE SMOKING ZONE IN A DESTROYED SHELTER

Abstract

The purpose of the presented work is to create a model for calculating the process of the spread of dangerous fire factors and determining the effectiveness of various engineering and technical, organizational measures and means aimed at increasing the duration of people's stay in a civil defense building in the conditions of hostilities. The authors of the work conducted an analysis of scientific research in areas such as "Modeling of fire and analysis of smoke propagation at metro stations in different fire locations" and "Modeling of flame and smoke propagation in an underground garage under different ventilation conditions." The authors developed two scenarios of the spread of dangerous fire factors. The first scenario is the spread of fire hazards without taking into account ventilation other than open doorways. The second scenario is the spread of dangerous fire factors taking into account supply ventilation through three ventilation channels. The ventilation channels were assumed to have a diameter of 0.3048 m with a volumetric flow rate of 0.5 m3/s. The researchers determined the effectiveness of the ventilation in the PyroSim software during the blocking of escape routes in the shelter. The ventilation efficiency factor 1.351 or 135.1%. The authors conducted a simulation of the shelter after a missile hit and the destruction of the basement ceiling (floor of the first floor). The time of blocking the evacuation routes was determined according to various parameters in accordance with DSTU 8828:2019, namely visibility, temperature, concentration of oxygen oxide and carbon dioxide at a height of 1.7 m from the floor level. The work is the basis for the development of engineering and technical and organizational measures to increase the level of fire safety and ensure the safety of the population. Keywords: shelter, dangerous factors of fire, ventilation, evacuation, PyroSim.