Affiliation:
1. O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Abstract
The problem of increasing the cost of environmental testing of diesel locomotives is considered, associated with the beginning of the normalization of the average operational emission of particulate matter from the exhaust gases of a diesel engine - an indicator of PM. The requirements of regulatory documents on the procedure for determining the PM indicator in the course of environmental tests of diesel locomotives are analyzed. In order to increase the economic efficiency of environmental tests of diesel locomotives, it is proposed to use the method of accelerated measurement (MАМ) of the PM indicator, which is characterized by a maximum allowable sample filtration rate of 100 cm/s and a minimum allowable mass of particulate matter on filters of 0,25 during certification tests and 0,14 mg - during research trials of a diesel engine. Developed: a methodology for evaluating the economic efficiency of using MAM and a methodology for experimental testing of MAM during diesel engine tests. The economic efficiency of MAM is proved. Computational studies have shown that the use of this method allows to reduce the cost of certification testing of a locomotive by 9 ... 28%, research tests - by 43 ... 53%. With decreasing levels of particulate emissions from diesel locomotives, the efficiency of the use of MAM is growing. On the basis of the 4CHN12/14 diesel engine, the experimental development of the proposed method was carried out, which confirmed the practical suitability of the MAM for the implementation of ISO 8178-F and DSTU 32.001-94 test cycles. It has been established that a decrease in the mass of the sample to the minimum allowable value leads to some decrease in the accuracy of the measurements of the PM index. However, it has been experimentally proved that the error in the reproducibility of the measurement results of the PM indicator during the implementation of MIE does not exceed the permissible value of ± 8.5%, and, therefore, this method can be applied in practice.
Publisher
O.M.Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Subject
General Earth and Planetary Sciences,General Environmental Science
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