Constraining Palatini–Horndeski theory with gravitational waves after GW170817

Author:

Dong Yu-Qi,Liu Yu-Qiang,Liu Yu-XiaoORCID

Abstract

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the possible parameter space of Palatini–Horndeski theory with gravitational waves in a spatially flat Universe. We develop a general method for obtaining the speed of gravitational waves in the Palatini formalism in the cosmological background and we find that if the theory satisfies the following condition: in any spatially flat cosmological background, the tensor gravitational wave speed is the speed of light c, then only $$S = \int d^4x \sqrt{-g} \big [K(\phi ,X)-G_{3}(\phi ,X){{\tilde{\Box }}}\phi +G_{4}(\phi ){\tilde{R}}\big ]$$ S = d 4 x - g [ K ( ϕ , X ) - G 3 ( ϕ , X ) ~ ϕ + G 4 ( ϕ ) R ~ ] is left as the possible action in Palatini–Horndeski theory. We also find that when $$G_{5}(\phi ,X)\ne 0$$ G 5 ( ϕ , X ) 0 , the tensor part of the connection will propagate and there are two different tensor gravitational wave speeds.

Funder

National Key Research and Development Program of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

the 111 Project

the Department of education of Gansu Province: Outstanding Graduate “Innovation Star” Project

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous),Engineering (miscellaneous)

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