Soft gluon–quark–antiquark emission in QCD hard scattering

Abstract

AbstractWe consider the radiation of a soft gluon (g) and a soft quark–antiquark ($$q{{\bar{q}}}$$ q q ¯ ) pair in QCD hard scattering. In the soft limit the scattering amplitude has a singular behaviour that is factorized and controlled by a soft current, which has a process-independent structure in colour space. We evaluate the soft $$gq{{\bar{q}}}$$ g q q ¯ current at the tree level for an arbitrary multiparton scattering process. The irreducible correlation component of the current includes strictly non-abelian terms and also terms with an abelian character. Analogous abelian correlations appear for soft photon–lepton–antilepton emission in QED. The squared current for soft $$gq{{\bar{q}}}$$ g q q ¯ emission produces colour dipole and colour tripole interactions between the hard-scattering partons. The colour tripole interactions are odd under charge conjugation and lead to charge asymmetry effects. We consider the specific applications to processes with two and three hard partons, and we discuss the structure of the corresponding charge asymmetry contributions. We also generalize our QCD results to the cases of QED and mixed QCD $$\times $$ × QED radiative corrections.