Fixation of First Tarsometatarsal Arthrodesis: A Retrospective Comparative Cohort of Two Techniques

Abstract

Background: Presently, indications for the Lapidus procedure include patients with many pathologies of the first metatarsocuneiform joint. Currently the standard in many areas is that of two or three crossed screws through the first tarsometatarsal region. This type of fixation requires an extended period of nonweightbearing and may be difficult for patient compliance. Materials and Methods: The present study is a retrospective comparison of crossed screw fixation to locking plate fixation without a lag screw on union rates, time to weightbearing, and complications. Results: One hundred forty-three first TMT fusions met the inclusion criteria. There were 96 fused by crossed screw construct (CS) and 47 by the locked plate with or without compression screw (LP). There was a significant difference in time to full weightbearing and union rate. Time to full weightbearing was 8.8 (range, 3 to 16) weeks and 7.8 (range, 1.5 to 34) weeks in the CS and LP groups, respectively ( p < 0. 001). Union rate was 89.4% (88 of 96 joints) and 98.5% (46 of 47 joints) in the CS and LP groups, respectively ( p < 0. 001). Conclusions: We found that when using a dorsal-medial locked plate with or without lag screw lead to a superior rate of union compared to standard crossed screw constructs even while allowing earlier return to full weightbearing. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Analysis