Abstract
This case-control study involved 356 diabetic patients and 384 apparently healthy individuals, matched for age and sex, who attended the outpatient department at Al-Zahrawi Private Hospital in Mosul from January to December 2004. The study aimed to evaluate changes in serum lipid profile among type 2 diabetics in relation to body mass index (BMI) and determine the extent and pattern of dyslipidemia in obese diabetics. Fasting plasma glucose and serum lipid profile were compared between type 2 diabetics and control subjects based on BMI. Data analysis utilized chi-square, Z, ANOVA, and Duncan tests. Fasting plasma glucose levels were highest in obese diabetics, and the frequency of poorly controlled diabetics increased with higher BMI. There was a significant positive association between BMI and serum triglyceride (TG) (p < 0.01), total cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.001), LDL-C (p < 0.001), and VLDL-C (p < 0.01). Serum HDL-C levels significantly decreased (p < 0.01) with increasing BMI. The prevalence of dyslipidemia increased with higher BMI levels in both genders. In conclusion, several lipid abnormalities in type 2 diabetics underscore the importance of diabetic control, regular lipid profile monitoring, and obesity management.