Perceptions of Poverty in Indian Society

Abstract

Perceptions of different people in India with regard to various aspects of poverty (meaning, nature, causes, remedies, etc.) and their attitudes towards the poor is an underexplored area in academic literature. Based on fieldwork and observations spanning over two decades, this essay presents an analysis of people’s perceptions of poverty in India. The study finds that ‘Location’ (geographical – rural/urban and class – poor/nonpoor) is an important influencer of perceptions. The essay describes the differences between perceptions of rural vs. urban residents and poor vs. non-poor relating to wellbeing and status as well as perceived causes of and solutions to poverty and ‘Poverty Alleviation Programs’ using narratives as illustrations. The insights from interactions with the development community are presented alongside that of others who are not directly engaged in welfare programs. Nature of work/occupation; Exposure to the daily lives of poor people; Family values and beliefs; Academic subjects studied and Level of education; Gender etc. are identified as the factors influencing the perceptions of people.