Analysis of risk factors affecting moderate and severe prognosis after discharge in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Abstract

Objective: To investigate risk factors affecting short-term functional prognosis after discharge in patients with acute cerebral infarction and explore the correlation between relevant factors and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 4,048 patients with acute cerebral infarction hospitalised between January 2014 and November 2018 in Department of Neurology, Renqiu Kangji Xintu Hospital, Hebei were conducted. The enrolled patients, including 2,506 men and 1,542 women, were divided into mild (n=3,696), moderate (n=278) and severe groups (n=74) based on NIHSS score. Baseline data (gender, history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, drinking, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a), urea nitrogen, creatinine) were compared among the three groups, and the relationship between relevant factors and NIHSS scores was studied. Results: Through single factor regression analysis, it was found that age, history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, antiplatelet medication usage, systolic blood pressure and uric acid were risk factors for the moderate group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for confounding factors, age, history of stroke and systolic blood pressure (P<0.01) were independent risk factors for the moderate group. Age (OR=1.089; , history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and uric acid (P<0.05) were independent risk factors for the severe group. Conclusion: Age, history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and uric acid levels are independent risk factors affecting the short-term post-discharge functional prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction and are related to the NIHSS scores of these patients after discharge.