The development of nuclear weapons in World War II: The confrontation of scientific schools

Abstract

Confrontation between states regarding the possession of nuclear weapons is an urgent problem caused by military and political conflicts in the world. The purpose of this study was to study the history of the development of nuclear weapons during the Second World War. Narrative, comparative, historical-genetic methods and a systematic approach were used to achieve the goal. As a result of the conducted research, history was revealed as the formation of the present in the past, and the main stages of the creation of atomic weapons were also described. In addition, the specifics of the confrontation between scientific schools of different states during the Second World War were investigated. In this way, the confrontation between the scientific schools of the USA, the Third Reich and the USSR during the creation of nuclear weapons was considered. Particular attention was paid to the contribution of individual scientists and the institutional efforts of states in the development of nuclear programs. The results obtained during the research shed light on the historical basis of the emergence of nuclear weapons as a product of scientific and technological progress, which became an important factor in the global confrontation during the Cold War. They can be useful for historical scholarship, conflict studies, and also be of interest to a wide range of readers seeking a deeper understanding of the origins of the nuclear era.The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using its materials by researchers of the history of science, technological development and international relations. The results obtained can contribute to a more detailed understanding of the processes that led to the nuclear era and serve as a basis for further research in the field of conflict studies and history