Mass spectrometry characterization and antioxidant potential evaluation of alkylamides in the aqueous extract of Acmella oleracea (L.) R. K. Jansen obtained from Tabatinga-AM

Abstract

The Amazon Region, with its vast botanical diversity, is home to a multitude of species, including Acmella oleracea, popularly known as jambu. This plant has stood out not only for its lush beauty but also for its remarkable therapeutic properties, which have been explored for centuries by the local population. However, despite its widespread use in traditional medicine, the pharmacological potential of A. oleracea remains largely underestimated, especially in the state of Amazonas, where vast areas still remain underexplored in terms of scientific research. In this context, the present study aims to further investigate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the aqueous extract of A. oleracea leaves, collected in the Tabatinga region, in the heart of the Amazon. The process of collecting and drying the leaves resulted in a total of 231g of botanical material, which was carefully processed to obtain a crude extract of 5g, using the water infusion technique. The results obtained were impressive: the extract revealed remarkable antioxidant capacity, demonstrating the ability to capture up to 91.4% of DPPH radicals at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. Furthermore, mass spectrometry analysis allowed the identification of four characterized alkylamides, including spilanthol, a substance known for its significant pharmacological properties. These findings highlight the exceptional therapeutic potential of A. oleracea, reinforcing its reputation as a plant with valuable medicinal properties. Moreover, they emphasize the importance of ongoing scientific research in the Amazon region, not only for biodiversity preservation but also for the development of new therapies and medications that can benefit human health.