Kinship analysis of mecA gene of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and risk factors from the farmers in Blitar, Indonesia-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Kinship analysis of mecA gene of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and risk factors from the farmers in Blitar, Indonesia

Published:2024-01 Issue: Volume: Page:216-225
ISSN:2231-0916
Container-title:Veterinary World
language:en
Short-container-title:Vet World

Author:

Khairullah Aswin Rafif¹^ORCID,Kurniawan Shendy Canadya²^ORCID,Sudjarwo Sri Agus³^ORCID,Effendi Mustofa Helmi⁴^ORCID,Widodo Agus⁵^ORCID,Moses Ikechukwu Benjamin⁶^ORCID,Hasib Abdullah⁷^ORCID,Zahra Reichan Lisa Az⁸^ORCID,Gelolodo Maria Aega⁹^ORCID,Kurniawati Dyah Ayu¹⁰^ORCID,Riwu Katty Hendriana Priscilia¹¹^ORCID,Silaen Otto Sahat Martua¹²^ORCID,Afnani Daniah Ashri¹³^ORCID,Ramandinianto Sancaka Cashyer¹⁴^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia.

2. Master Program of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, Specialisation in Molecule, Cell and Organ Functioning, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, Netherlands.

3. Division of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia.

4. Division of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia.

5. Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dharmawangsa Dalam Selatan No. 28-30, Kampus B Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia.

6. Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki 480211, Nigeria.

7. School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Queensland, Australia.

8. Profession Program of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia.

9. Department of Animal Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Jl. Adisucipto Penfui, Kupang 85001, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.

10. Indonesia Research Center for Veterinary Science, Jl. RE Martadinata No. 30, Bogor 16114, West Java, Indonesia.

11. Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika, Jl. Pemuda No. 59A, Dasan Agung Baru, Mataram 83125, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.

12. Doctoral Program of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6 Senen, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.

13. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika, Jl. Pemuda No. 59A, Dasan Agung Baru, Mataram 83125, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.

14. Lingkar Satwa Animal Care Clinic, Jl. Sumatera No. 31L, Gubeng, Surabaya 60281, East Java, Indonesia.

Abstract

Background and Aim: There are numerous reports of subclinical mastitis cases in Blitar, which is consistent with the region’s high milk production and dairy cattle population. Staphylococcus aureus, which is often the cause of mastitis cases, is widely known because of its multidrug-resistant properties and resistance to β-lactam antibiotic class, especially the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. This study aimed to molecular detection and sequence analysis of the mecA gene in milk and farmer’s hand swabs to show that dairy cattle are reservoirs of MRSA strains. Materials and Methods: A total of 113 milk samples and 39 farmers’ hand swab samples were collected from a dairy farm for the isolation of S. aureus using Mannitol salt agar. The recovered isolates were further characterized using standard microbiological techniques. Isolates confirmed as S. aureus were tested for sensitivity to antibiotics. Oxacillin Resistance Screening Agar Base testing was used to confirm the presence of MRSA, whereas the mecA gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Results: : A total of 101 samples were confirmed to be S. aureus. There were 2 S. aureus isolates that were multidrug-resistant and 14 S. aureus isolates that were MRSA. The mecA gene was detected in 4/14 (28.6%) phenotypically identified MRSA isolates. Kinship analysis showed identical results between mecA from milk and farmers’ hand swabs. No visible nucleotide variation was observed in the two mecA sequences of isolates from Blitar, East Java. Conclusion: The spread of MRSA is a serious problem because the risk of zoonotic transmission can occur not only to people who are close to livestock in the workplace, such as dairy farm workers but also to the wider community through the food chain. Keywords: hand swab, mecA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, milk, public health.

Funder

Universitas Airlangga

Publisher

Veterinary World

Subject

General Veterinary

Link

https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.17/January-2024/25.pdf

Reference62 articles.

1. Bintsis, T. (2017) Foodborne pathogens. AIMS Microbiol., 3(3): 529–563.

2. Abebe, E., Gugsa, G. and Ahmed, M. (2020) Review on major food-borne zoonotic bacterial pathogens. J. Trop. Med., 2020(1): 4674235.

3. Bastam, M.M., Jalili, M., Pakzad, I., Maleki, A. and Ghafourian, S. (2021) Pathogenic bacteria in cheese, raw and pasteurised milk. Vet. Med. Sci., 7(6): 2445–2449.

4. Ansharieta, R., Ramandinianto, S.C., Effendi, M.H. and Plumeriastuti, H. (2021) Molecular identification of blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes encoding extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from raw cow’s milk in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 22(4): 1600–1605.

5. Khairullah, A.R., Raharjo, D., Rahmahani, J., Suwarno, Tyasningsih, W. and Harijani, N. (2019) Antibiotics resistant at Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sp isolated from bovine mastitis in Karangploso, East Java, Indonesia. Indian J. Forensic Med. Toxicol., 13(4): 439.