Effects of dietary supplementation of Vitamins E and C on oxidative stress induced by a Nigerian velogenic strain of the Newcastle disease virus (KUDU 113) in the brain and bursa of Fabricius of broiler chickens
-
Published:2021-09-21
Issue:
Volume:
Page:2452-2461
-
ISSN:2231-0916
-
Container-title:Veterinary World
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Vet World
Author:
Okoroafor Obianuju Nkiruka1ORCID, Ogunniran Temitope Mofoluso1ORCID, Ikenna-Ezeh Nkechi Harriet2ORCID, Udeani Ikechukwu John3ORCID, Omeke Jacinta Ngozi2ORCID, Ezema Wilfred Sunday2ORCID, Anene Boniface1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. 2. Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. 3. Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Abstract
Background and Aim: Newcastle disease (ND) is widely recognized as an extremely harmful and contagious disease of birds. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of oxidative stress induced by the virulent ND virus (NDV) (KUDU 113) on the plasma, brain, bursa of Fabricius, NDV antibody response, and hematology as well as the ameliorative effect of the individual or combined use of Vitamins E and C on the clinical signs of NDV-infected chickens.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 150 broiler chickens were included and divided into five groups: Group 1, nonsupplemented and unchallenged chickens (UCC); Group 2, nonsupplemented and challenged chickens (ICC); Group 3, Vitamin C-supplemented + challenged chickens; Group 4, Vitamin E-supplemented + challenged chickens; and Group 5, Vitamins E and C-supplemented + challenged chickens. Groups 3, 4, and 5 were supplemented with Vitamins E and C (33 and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively). Virus challenge was done with 0.1 ml of KUDU 113 7 days after the start of vitamin inclusion in their diet. Concentrations of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were analyzed in the plasma, brain, and bursa on days 0, 3, and 7 post-infection (pi) using the biochemical method. The blood samples were randomly collected from five chickens in each group for antibody response and hematological analyses on day 0 previtamin treatment and at 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days pi (dpi).
Results: A significant increase in the concentrations of MDA and NO in the NDV-challenged chickens was observed when compared with the UCCs. Moreover, a significant decrease in GSH concentration was observed in the NDV-challenged chickens when compared with the UCCs. The activities of CAT and SOD were reduced markedly in the NDV-challenged chickens. Increases in the mean antibody titers were observed in the NDV-challenged group when compared with the UCCs from days 3 to 21 pi. The mortality rates of groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 0%, 30%, 3.3%, 3.3%, and 26.6%, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that KUDU 113 causes oxidative stress in the brain and bursa of Fabricius of chickens. Individual supplementation with Vitamin E or C was found to be more effective in ameliorating oxidative stress, improving the immune response, and reducing mortality in KUDU 113 infections than the combined supplementation of Vitamins C and E.
Funder
Tertiary Education Trust Fund
Publisher
Veterinary World
Subject
General Veterinary
Reference44 articles.
1. Meng, C., Rehman, Z.U., Liu, K., Qiu, X., Tan, L., Sun, Y., Liao, Y., Song, C., Yu, S., Ding, Z., Nair, V., Munir, M. and Ding, C. (2018) Potential of genotype VII Newcastle disease viruses to cause differential infections in chickens and ducks. Trans. Emerg. Dis., 65(6): 1851-1862. 2. Rehman, Z.U., Qiu, X., Sun, Y., Liao, Y., Tan, L., Song, C., Yu, S., Ding, Z., Munir, M., Nair, V., Chunchun, M. and Ding, C. (2018a) Vitamin E supplementation ameliorates Newcastle disease virus-induced oxidative stress and alleviates tissue damage in the brains of chickens. Viruses, 10(14): 173. 3. Walker, P.J., Siddell, S.G., Lefkowitz, E.J., Mushegian, A.R., Dempsey, D.M., Dutilh, B.E., Harrach, B., Harrison, R.L., Hendrickson, R.C., Junglen, S., Knowles, N.J., Kropinski, A.M., Krupovic, M., Kuhn, J.H, Nibert, M., Rubion, L., Sabanadzovic, S., Simmonds, P., Varsani, A., Zerbini, F.M. and Davison, A.J. (2019) Changes to virus taxonomy and the international code of virus classification and nomenclature ratified by the international committee on taxonomy of viruses. Arch Virol., 164(9): 2417-2429. 4. Cattoli, G., Susta, L., Terregino, C. and Brown, C. (2011) Newcastle disease: A review of field recognition and current methods of laboratory detection. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 23(4): 637-656. 5. Miller, P.J., Afonso, C.L, El Attrache, J, Dorsey, K.M., Courtney, S.C., Guo, Z. and Kapczynski, D.R. (2013) Effects of Newcastle disease virus vaccine antibodies on the shedding and transmission of challenge viruses. Dev. Comp. Immunol., 41(4): 505-513.
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|