Big Data Literature-based Bibliometric Mapping Analysis for Competences Adaptable to Industry 4.0 and 5.0: Implications for Career Orientation

Abstract

This study recognizes the presence of a competence-based foundation in the career orientations of both graduate students and professionals. The career orientations of graduating students and professionals, encompassing their interests and objectives, are strongly influenced by their competencies. Competence is an essential foundation for making career choices and aligns with the firm-based competitive advantage that relies on competence (e.g., core competence and dynamic capability). Fundamentally, competence is also a structure of “career orientation” that delivers unique functions of a person or an organization, manifesting VRINO properties of differentiation (e.g., valuable, rare, inimitable, non-substitutable, and organized). Graduating students and professionals build know-why competencies (that relate to career motivation, personal meaning and identification, know-how competencies (functioning strengths that contribute to a firm’s repertoire of overall capabilities), and know-whom competencies, including communication capability. The concept of competence in career orientation is often overlooked, and only a select few deeply understand how competencies should be integrated with other aspects of career orientation. This study examines the typological characteristics of career orientation and its anchors, addressing the need for more knowledge in the current literature. Industry 4.0 and 5.0 exemplify the competencies that graduating students and professionals should possess. These industries and societies utilize intelligent cyber-physical interactions to impact various aspects such as lifestyles, product development, process controls, and industry advancement. This study utilizes the bibliometric analysis method within the limitations of research papers. It applies the Sciencedirect.com databases and focuses on the keywords “Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0” to identify the competence clusters, essentially a thematic analysis of the interrelationships of a cluster of themes that explain the competence profile for Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0. Six competence profiles are identified using the bibliometric method: (1) key driver cluster represented by the cyber-physical system, (2) intelligence infrastructure and intelligent factory, (3) intelligence system and resilience, (4) sustainable development goals, (5) supply chain management, stakeholders, sustainable economy, big data analytics, and digital technology, and (6) intelligent businesses. Three typological dimensions of career orientation are proposed: instrumentality (self-organization continuum), value (stability-flexibility continuum), and competence superimposition, which includes core competence in the stability segment and dynamic capability in the flexibility segment. In the context of I4 and I5, it is suggested that graduating students and professionals build a global mindset and technological competence to support globally competent organizations and their businesses.