IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL AT ROAD INTERSECTIONS

Abstract

From the functional point of view, the intersection is the most complex element of the road network. It is here that the traffic flows in different directions cross, and various maneuvers take place. This indicates that the intersection is a place with an increased concentration of conflict situations and an increased risk of traffic accidents. At most high-flow intersections, traffic is controlled by traffic lights, and their inefficient operation can lead to unnecessarily long wait times and overall increase in traffic delays. The research analyzed a regulated intersection at the crossing of Stepana Bandery and Viacheslava Chornovola main streets in the city of Rivne. This intersection is characterized by constant significant traffic jams. To simulate traffic conditions at this intersection, the research used PTV Vissim software. Observations of traffic flows, their distribution by directions, and traffic light regulation parameters were used as initial data for modeling the intersection traffic scheme. The main problem that must be solved when considering isolated traffic light intersections is the calculation and optimization of the signal plan, which involves: determining the number of phases; determining cycle duration; distribution, i.e. determining parts of available green time for each phase; modeling of traffic situations that may arise due to the passage of priority vehicles, congestion of vehicles in intersection areas during peak periods or other situations. At the same time, it is necessary to achieve the best possible characteristics of the intersection functioning. According to the research results, the road conditions were modeled and the signal plan was optimized with the use of PTV Vissim software. Simulation modeling of the intersection included drawing a road network, installing traffic lights (signal controllers) with a description of their work (choosing the type of light signaling devices, creating signal groups and traffic light signals, parameters for coordinating signals), forming pedestrian zones and a node, performing calculations with subsequent analysis of the received data. In order to improve the efficiency of the intersection, two options for the operation of the traffic light controllers are offered: 1. Lengthening of the “green” phase, for the convenience of turning to the left (by reducing the phase of oncoming traffic in one direction by 5 seconds). The total duration of the cycle of 70 seconds will not change; 2. Implementation of the third phase – fully pedestrian in all directions, lasting 20 seconds. The total duration of the cycle will increase to 90 seconds. A more progressive measure can be the introduction of adaptive systems, which are based on new traffic monitoring technologies and allow obtaining accurate data on traffic flows in real time and performing adaptive control of traffic lights, that is, adapting the signal plan in real time to changes in traffic flows.