The study results of the promising pea lines in the soil and climatic conditions of the Kirov region

Abstract

The current paper has presented the results of estimating pea varieties in the Competitive Variety Testing. The purpose of the study was to analyze pea lines at the final stage of the breeding process and to identify the promising ones according to economically valuable traits. The study of variety samples was carried out in laboratory for legumes breeding and primary seed production at the Falyonsky breeding station in 2018–2020. The objects of the study were 28 peas lines and varieties of various morphotypes. The estimation of samples, observations and accounting were carried out according to the methodology of the State Commission for Variety Testing. The standard varieties were the varieties ‘Krasnoufimsky 93’, ‘Ryabchik’, ‘Falyonsky usatyi’, zoned in the Volga-Vyatka region. The vegetation periods of 2018–2020 contrastingly differed among themselves in moisture supply and temperature regime, the most favorable hydrothermal conditions were in 2019, the most unfavorable ones were in 2018 and 2020. As a result of the study, there have been identified the lines that exceeded the standard varieties in productivity of grain, green mass and dry matter. In the group of white-flowered grain crops, there was identified the line ‘E-483’ with 3.49 t/ha of mean grain productivity, 31.4 t/ha of green mass and 5.28 t/ha of hay. In the group of color-flowered grain crops, the maximum productivity of grain, green mass and dry matter was identified in the line ‘E-3588’ with 4.16, 34.9 and 7.73 t/ha, respectively. Among the leafless variety samples, the line ‘E-1250’ produced the highest grain yield with 3.71 t ha. There have been identified the lines with high indicators of yield structure elements. The maximum number of fertile nodes was identified in the line ‘E-3745’ (4.2 pcs.). The maximum number of kernels was identified in the lines ‘E-483’, ‘E-3542’, ‘E-3798’ (5.8 pcs.). The maximum number of kernels per plant was identified in the line ‘D-24746’ (25.9 pcs.). The maximum seed productivity was identified in the line ‘E-3845’ (4.4 g). The highest values of the number of productive nodes and kernels were obtained in the group of white-flowered leafy varieties. The largest number of kernels per plant was identified in the maple pea. Seed productivity and 1000-kernel weight were higher in the leafless variety samples. According to stem length and resistance to lodging, there has been identified the advantage of the leafless lines.