A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ON DISASTER COMMUNICATION

Abstract

Disasters are extraordinary situations that carry uncertainty of their effects the entire society, especially the regions affected by the disaster, economically, sociologically, culturally, socially and psychologically. Disasters need to be evaluated with the principle of unpredictability and handled strategically; therefore it is a necessity to ensure the correct flow of information between many disciplines. Introducing information and communication strategies from scientists to political leaders, from experts to opinion leaders ensures success in the effective management of the disaster. With communication activities carried out before disasters, it is possible to reduce the effects of damage to the society in the face of disaster. After possible disasters, in addition to assessing risks and losses, keeping the crisis management plan and communication channels open throughout the disaster is of critical importance in providing all kinds of support to disaster areas. Finally, the media has a role in fulfilling the obligation and responsibility of opinion leaders and decision makers to provide accurate, fast, effective and up-to-date news to the victims and the whole society, from the interpersonal level to the mass communication level. Within the scope of this study, disaster communication is explained through models created by communication professionals and is shaped by the strategies in the literature on disaster communication.