The Making of Violent Extremists

Author:

Kruglanski Arie1,Jasko Katarzyna2,Webber David3,Chernikova Marina1,Molinario Erica1

Affiliation:

1. University of Maryland

2. Jagiellonian University

3. Virginia Commonwealth University

Abstract

The authors outline a psychological model of extremism and analyze violent extremism as a special case of it. Their significance quest theory identifies 3 general drivers of violent extremism: need, narrative, and network. The theory asserts that the need for personal significance—the desire to matter, to “be someone,” and to have meaning in one's life—is the dominant need that underlies violent extremism. A violence-justifying ideological narrative contributes to radicalization by delineating a collective cause that can earn an individual the significance and meaning he or she desires, as well as an appropriate means with which to pursue that cause. Lastly, a network of people who subscribe to that narrative leads individuals to perceive the violence-justifying narrative as cognitively accessible and morally acceptable. The authors describe empirical evidence for the theory, which was tested on a wide variety of samples across different cultures and geopolitical contexts. They go on to offer a general road map to guide efforts to counter and prevent violent extremism in its various forms.

Funder

National Science Centre

Office of Naval Research

Department of Homeland Security

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Psychology

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