The Effect of Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia on Shoulder Pain in Laparoscopic Extraperitoneal Hernia Surgery

Abstract

Background: Shoulder pain is a condition that seriously discomforts patients and develops caused by a peritoneal tear in laparoscopic extraperitoneal hernia repair (TEP) surgeries. Although surgeons generally prefer general anesthesia for the TEP technique, many studies have been carried out on the use of regional anesthesia in recent years. In our study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of the combined spinal/epidural anesthesia (CSEA) method to prevent shoulder pain in the TEP technique. Methods: The patients who operated with the TEP procedure were divided into 2 groups; SA (group 1) and CSEA (group 2). The 2 patient groups were compared in terms of sex, age, body mass index, duration of surgery, total operation time, patient satisfaction, pain scores, length of hospital stay, adverse effects, intraoperative, and postoperative complications. Results: The number of patients in group 1 was 42 and group 2 was 40. The mean operation time was recorded as 55.9 and 80.2 minutes in groups 1 and 2, respectively, which was statistically significantly shorter in group 1 (P<0.001). Postoperative pain was significantly less in group 2 for the 4th hour (P<0.0001) and the 12th hour (P=0.047). There was no difference between the 2 groups in terms of peritoneal tear (P=0.860). Intraoperative and postoperative shoulder pain was significantly less in group 2 (P=0.038, P=0015, respectively). Conclusion: CSEA is an effective and safe anesthesia method for preventing shoulder pain that develops after TEP surgeries.