Affiliation:
1. Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
2. Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Keck, School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
3. Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, California
4. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Abstract
Objective
Assess the association between cannabis use and tinnitus in a nationally representative sample of US adults.
Study Design
Cross-sectional.
Setting
Population-based.
Patients
Adults aged 20 to 59 years who participated in 2011 to 2012 and 2015 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with available data on tinnitus, audiometry, and substance use.
Intervention
None.
Main Outcome Measure
Tinnitus, demographic information, and medical history were obtained from NHANES questionnaires. Tinnitus was defined as bothersome tinnitus in the past year. Cannabis use was categorized as never use, low-volume use (1–2 pipes/joints per day), and high-volume use (3+ pipes/joints per day). Multivariable regression models with interaction and mediation analyses were conducted. Sampling weights were incorporated to yield results generalizable to the US population.
Results
Tinnitus prevalence was significantly higher among high-volume cannabis users (odds ratio [OR], 20.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 16.0–26.0%]) and low-volume users (OR, 17.0%; 95% CI, 14.3–20.0%) than nonusers (OR, 12.0%; 95% CI, 10.4–13.9%). High-volume cannabis use was significantly associated with tinnitus relative to nonusers in multivariable models adjusting for demographics, cardiovascular factors, hearing loss, noise exposure, and depression (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.1–3.9). Tinnitus severity was comparable among high volume, low volume, and noncannabis users. There was no significant mediation or interaction of depression affecting the association between cannabis use and tinnitus.
Conclusions
Bothersome tinnitus prevalence was significantly higher among cannabis users relative to nonusers. High-volume cannabis use was independently associated with tinnitus in a multivariable model accounting for relevant factors including depression. Future study is warranted to elucidate the impact of various levels of cannabis use on tinnitus.
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Subject
Neurology (clinical),Sensory Systems,Otorhinolaryngology
Cited by
2 articles.
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