Statin can reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Currently, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main cause of chronic liver disease and liver-related mortality worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a fatal complication in patients with NAFLD. However, whether statins can reduce the risk of HCC in patients with NAFLD remains controversial. We aimed to determine the relationship between statin use and HCC occurrence among patients with NAFLD. We independently retrieved related studies from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrial.gov (from 1 January 2000 to 27 February 2022). The main outcome was the development of HCC. A fixed-effects model was used to merge odds ratio (OR) in the meta-analysis. Five studies involving 684 363 patients were included. The results of the meta-analysis suggested a significantly lower risk of HCC among statin users with NAFLD [OR = 0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.39–0.89; I 2 = 87.90%]. Additionally, a lower risk of HCC was observed among patients with NAFLD aged less than 65 years (OR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.46–0.77; I 2 = 20.50%). Statins can reduce the risk of HCC in patients aged less than 65 years with NAFLD.