Anal defecatory function in ulcerative colitis patients after total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: a prospective cohort study

Abstract

Background Total proctocolectomy (TPC) followed by ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) remains the only viable option whenever different treatment modalities fail in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Objective Prospective cohort pre/post study examining the anal defecatory function and competence in UC patients undergoing TPC plus IPAA using high-resolution anorectal manometry (HR-ARM). Patients Patients undergoing TPC and IPAA were enrolled in the study and subjected to HR-ARM prior to and 6 months after surgery. The anal resting, squeeze and push pressures were recorded, together with the rectal sensation and the rectal balloon expulsion test. The number of bowel movements, symptoms/signs related to fecal incontinence, as well as the IBDQ-32 quality of life questionnaires were documented during both HR-ARM visits. Results A total of 20 consecutive UC patients were recruited in our study. The mean (SD) number of bowel movements before the TPC plus IPAA was 10.1 (2.8), while the same number after the pouch surgery was 7.7 (3.1) [P = 0.01]. Symptoms or signs of fecal incontinence were noted in one of our patients prior to the operation; however, none of our patients reported any such symptoms after the pouch surgery. The median (IQR) IBDQ-32 questionnaire scores before and after surgery were 121.5 (13.5) and 142.5 (16.0) respectively. At the same time, the anorectal function remained intact since both the anal resting and squeeze pressures were not significantly changed. Conclusion UC patients subjected to TPC-IPAA exhibit improved bowel movements and a normal anal defecatory function and competence post-surgery.