Menstrual Irregularities and Amenorrhea in Thyroid Eye Disease Patients Treated With Teprotumumab

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the rates of amenorrhea and menstrual irregularities in patients with active thyroid eye disease treated with teprotumumab. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of patients with active thyroid eye disease treated between 2020 and 2022 at a single institution. Female thyroid eye disease patients with regular menstruation at baseline who completed 8 infusions of teprotumumab were assessed. Patient-reported irregularities in menstruation or amenorrhea were recorded during routine clinic visits. Two sample t tests were used to assess differences between patients endorsing and denying menstrual irregularities. Results: Twelve patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 38.33 ± 9.6 years (range 25–53 years). The average follow-up after treatment completion was 11.43 months. Nine patients (75%) reported changes from their baseline menstruation. Four patients (33.3%) reported irregularities during treatment only. Three patients (25%) had persistence of irregularities after treatment; these patients regained normal cycles at an average of 3 months following teprotumumab completion. Two patients (16.7%) did not regain their normal cycles at the time of their last follow-up. One 53-year-old patient-reported persistent amenorrhea after treatment completion. One patient-reported menorrhagia at a 4-month follow-up. No significant age difference was found between patients with or without reported menstrual changes (p = 0.43). Conclusion: Abnormalities of menstruation, including amenorrhea, were reported by 75% of patients treated with teprotumumab. These changes reverted to baseline after treatment in most affected patients.