Affiliation:
1. Department of Medical Oncology of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
2. Department of Medicine- Division of Nephrology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine
3. Department of Medicine-Division of Nephrology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Abstract
Purpose of review
Onconephrology was first coined as a name for the intersection of cancer medicine and nephrology in the early 2010s. It was recognized then that beyond and understanding of kidney physiology, a new generation of nephrologists skilled in both molecular biology and precision medicine were needed to deal with the challenges of emerging cancer therapies. Stem cell transplants, biologic agents, adjuvants blocking basic cellular signaling pathways, immunotherapy were found to promote novel anticancer outcomes, but also to pose new risks to the kidneys. The field rapidly overlapped with emerging expertise in vascular glomerular disease, glomerular disease, and the same biologic agents now applied to auto immune systemic and kidney diseases.
Recent findings
Many categories of chemotherapeutic agents have been discovered to have adverse renal side effects. In this review, we address classic chemotherapeutic nephrotoxicity and oncologic clinical situations leading to acute kidney injury. We also review the frontiers of nephrotoxicity reported with cell cycle inhibitors, diverse classes of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, anticancer vaccines, and thrombotic microangiopathies triggered by malignancy and chemotherapy. The aim will be to focus on published strategies to mitigate nephrotoxicity.
Summary
As onconephrology expands into its own field, it gives birth to new subdisciplines. An understanding that patient populations want the benefits of chemotherapy without the renal (and other) systemic toxicities is emerging. A need to develop a new class of molecular and genetic experts in onconephrology to mitigate nephrotoxicity from chemotherapy is apparent and urgent.
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Subject
Nephrology,Internal Medicine
Cited by
1 articles.
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