Two cases of pituitary stalk interruption syndrome: importance of early detection and management

Abstract

Introduction and importance: Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a rare congenital condition affecting the pituitary gland and its stalk, leading to hormonal imbalances. PSIS can present with a wide range of symptoms, including delayed puberty and short stature. Case presentation: This paper discusses two cases of PSIS in patients with a history of growth hormone deficiency. The first case is of a 26-year-old male presenting with fatigue and loss of appetite, while the second case is of a 14-year-old male presenting with delayed puberty. Blood tests revealed hormonal imbalances, and a subsequent MRI confirmed the diagnosis of PSIS. Hormonal supplements were prescribed to manage the condition, and follow-up appointments were scheduled to monitor progress. Clinical discussion: PSIS can present with a wide range of symptoms, and can be diagnosed at different ages. Early diagnosis and management of PSIS are crucial to prevent long-term complications such as short stature, impaired cognitive function, and infertility. The use of hormonal supplements, as seen in both cases, is essential to manage the hormonal imbalances associated with PSIS. Testosterone replacement therapy is used to treat hypogonadism, while thyroxine and hydrocortisone are used to manage hypothyroidism and adrenal insufficiency, respectively. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and management of PSIS through hormonal supplements are crucial to prevent long-term complications. It is essential to monitor patients’ progress through follow-up appointments to ensure optimal management of the condition.