Associations of Prenatal Agricultural Farm Work with Fetal Overgrowth and Pregnancy Complications in State of Arizona Birth Records

Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study is to examine fetal growth outcomes from agricultural worker households. Methods Using Arizona 2006 to 2013 birth certificates with parental occupation, we identified N = 623,185 live births by agricultural household status. Logistic regression models estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for macrosomia (>4000 g), postterm birth (>41 weeks), low birth weight (<2500 g), preterm birth (<37 weeks), large for GA, small for GA, and 5-minute APGAR (<7). Results Newborns of agricultural households (n = 6371) had a higher risk of macrosomia (aOR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05–1.26), large for GA (aOR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03–1.22), postterm birth (aOR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.09–1.33), and low 5-minute APGAR (aOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.07–1.81), whereas low birth weight (aOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76–0.96) and preterm birth (aOR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.74–0.92) were inversely related. Conclusions Having an agriculture working parent increased the likelihood of fetal overgrowth and low APGAR.