Postoperative Bleeding Complications Associated With Novel Oral Anticoagulants in Mohs Micrographic Surgery

Abstract

BACKGROUND Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are commonly prescribed, recently developed anticoagulants, but limited data exist on NOAC-related bleeding complications in Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). OBJECTIVE To assess the risk of postoperative bleeding in patients taking NOACs compared with patients taking no antithrombotic medications. METHODS/MATERIALS A 5-year retrospective chart review of all MMS cases performed by a single surgeon was conducted. Patient and surgery characteristics, anticoagulant use, and bleeding complications were recorded. RESULTS Two thousand one hundred eighty-one MMS cases in 1,545 patients were included. There were 696/2,181 cases in which patients were taking at least 1 antithrombotic medication, with 149 on NOAC monotherapy and 15 on NOAC and aspirin combination therapy. Bleeding complications occurred in 22/2,181 cases. Patients on NOAC monotherapy did not have an increased risk of bleeding complications compared with patients on no antithrombotic medications (odds ratio [OR]:1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.36–7.97, p = .50). In contrast, patients on NOAC and aspirin combination therapy exhibited an increased bleeding risk (OR: 20.5, 95% CI: 3.99–105.7, p < .001). CONCLUSION Novel oral anticoagulant use alone during MMS was not associated with an increased postoperative bleeding risk, supporting the safety of continuing NOAC therapy during MMS. However, NOAC and aspirin combination therapy was associated with a high postoperative bleeding risk. Nonetheless, these bleeding events did not lead to adverse long-term outcomes.