Pattern of Visual-Motor Integration, Visual Perception, and Fine Motor Coordination Abilities in Children Being Assessed for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Author:

Johnston Danielle12ORCID,Pritchard Lesley34ORCID,Branton Erin12ORCID,Gross Douglas P.3ORCID,Thompson-Hodgetts Sandy45ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Alberta Health Services, Central Zone East, Children's Rehabilitation Services, Camrose, Alberta, Canada;

2. Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;

3. Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;

4. Women and Children's Research Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; and

5. Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Objective: Motor skill assessment is part of the fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) multidisciplinary assessment. Some clinicians opt to exclude assessment of the subcomponents of visual-motor integration (visual perception and motor coordination), on the assumption that challenges will be revealed based on the assessment of visual-motor integration. The objective is to describe the visual-motor integration, visual perception, and fine motor coordination pattern of abilities in children with confirmed prenatal alcohol exposure being assessed for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 91 children (65 males; mean age: 10 years, 6 months SD = 2 years, 10 months) undergoing assessment for FASD. Friedman and Wilcoxon statistics were used to compare mean visual-motor integration, visual perception, and fine motor coordination percentiles from the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration, Sixth Edition (Beery-6). Results: Children being assessed for FASD (n = 91) had the highest normative scores in visual perception, followed by visual-motor integration and fine motor coordination (mean percentiles (SD): 35.9 (24.9), 20.6 (18.3), and 13.8 (15.5), respectively) (χ2 distribution = 46.909, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Children being assessed for FASD experience more challenges with fine motor coordination compared with visual-motor integration and visual perception tasks. This pattern differs from the pattern established for the general population in which tasks that require visual-motor integration are more challenging than tasks that isolate visual perception and fine motor coordination. These results suggest that fine motor coordination should be included in FASD diagnostic assessments and considered as an area for intervention.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health,Developmental and Educational Psychology,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

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