Effect of Patient-controlled Perineural Analgesia on Rehabilitation and Pain after Ambulatory Orthopedic Surgery

Abstract

Background Efficacy of continuous perineural and patient-controlled ropivacaine infusion at home after orthopedic surgery was compared with patient-controlled intravenous morphine for functional recovery and postoperative analgesia in a multicenter randomized trial. Methods Eighty-three patients scheduled to undergo acromioplasty or hallux valgus surgery received an interscalene (n = 40) or popliteal (n = 43) peripheral nerve block with 30 ml ropivacaine, 0.5%. After randomization, patients were discharged home 24 h after surgery with a disposable infusion pump delivering either patient-controlled intravenous morphine (n = 23) or perineural 0.2% ropivacaine infusion, either continuous infusion without bolus (n = 30) or basal infusion plus bolus (n = 30). The patients recorded pain scores on movement and/or walking and were directed to take paracetamol and rescue analgesics if necessary. The time necessary to be able to walk for 10 min; daily activities on days 1, 2, and 3; adverse events; and overall satisfaction scores were noted and graded by the patient. Results Basal-bolus ropivacaine decreased the time to 10 minutes' walk, optimized daily activities (P < 0.01), and decreased the amount of ropivacaine used. The morphine group had greater pain scores and consumption of morphine and ketoprofen compared with both ropivacaine groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of nausea/vomiting, sleep disturbance, and dizziness increased, and the patient satisfaction score decreased in the morphine group (P < 0.05). Conclusions After ambulatory orthopedic surgery, 0.2% ropivacaine delivered as a perineural infusion using a disposable elastomeric pump with patient-controlled anesthesia bolus doses optimizes functional recovery and pain relief while decreasing the consumption of rescue analgesics and ropivacaine, and the number of adverse events.