1. *Assistant Professor, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Neurologic Anesthesia and Supportive Care Program) and Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (patients 1, 2, and 3).†Associate Professor, Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine (patients 2 and 3).‡Assistant Professor, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical C