Impact of Sociodemographic and Hospital Factors on Inpatient Bilateral Reduction Mammaplasty: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis

Abstract

Background: Although reduction mammaplasty remains a common procedure in plastic surgery, its interaction with sociodemographic and economic disparities has remained relatively uncharacterized on a nationwide scale. Methods: Patients who underwent reduction mammaplasty were identified within the 2016–2018 National Inpatient Sample databases. In addition to clinical comorbidities, sociodemographic characteristics, hospital-level variables, and postoperative outcomes of each patient were collected for analysis. Statistical analyses, including univariate comparison and multivariate logistic regression, were applied to the cohort to determine significant predictors of adverse outcomes, described as extended length of stay, higher financial cost, and postoperative complications. Results: The final patient cohort included 414 patients who underwent inpatient reduction mammaplasty. The average age was 45.2 ± 14.5 years. The average length of stay was 1.6 ± 1.5 days, and the average hospital charge was $53,873.81 ± $36,014.50. Sixty (14.5%) patients experienced at least one postoperative complication. Black race and treatment within a nonmetropolitan or rural county predicted postoperative complications (P < 0.01). Black race, lower relative income, and concurrent abdominal contouring procedures also predicted occurrence of extended length of stay (P < 0.01). Hospital factors, including larger bed capacity and for-profit ownership, predicted high hospital charges (P < 0.05). Severity of comorbidities, measured by a clinical index, also predicted all three outcomes (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In addition to well-described clinical variables, multiple sociodemographic and economic disparities affect outcomes in inpatient reduction mammaplasty.