1. College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq
2. Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Department, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
3. Sulaimani Teaching Hospital, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
4. Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
5. Smart Health Tower, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq
6. Kscien Organization for Scientific Research, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.