Symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older Adults Living With HIV

Abstract

Background As individuals living with HIV age, they often experience both physical and psychological symptoms—along with potential reductions in social support—which can significantly affect their health-related quality of life (HRQOL)—a crucial measure in HIV care. However, research exploring the potential predictive roles of social support and symptom experiences in HRQOL among older people living with HIV (PLWH) is limited. Objectives This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate relationships between social support, symptom experiences, and HRQOL in older adults with HIV. Methods Older adults with HIV aged ≥50 years completed surveys on demographic and HIV-related characteristics, social support, four symptoms, and HRQOL. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine predictors for six HRQOL domains. Results Among the 141 PLWH, significant associations were found between fatigue and health perceptions, physical functioning, and role functioning. Sleep disturbance was a significant predictor of health perceptions and social functioning. Anxiety displayed associations with physical functioning, role functioning, mental health, and pain. Depression was linked to health perceptions and mental health aspects of HRQOL. Notably, social support was not associated with any HRQOL domains. Discussion These findings underscore the importance of assessing a range of common symptoms to enhance HRQOL among older adults living with HIV, necessitating tailored symptom management strategies for this growing population.