Analysis of Operation Duration in Thoracodorsal Artery Perforator Free-Flap Surgery of the Lower Extremities

Abstract

Purpose This retrospective study aimed to identify the factors that affect the duration of thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) free-flap surgery and to offer strategies for optimizing the surgical procedure. Methods We analyzed 80 TDAP flap surgeries performed by a single surgeon between January 2020 and December 2022, specifically focusing on free flaps used for lower-extremity defects with single-artery and single-vein anastomosis. The operation duration was defined as the time between the surgeon's initial incision and completion of reconstruction. Linear regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors affecting operation duration. Results The average operative duration was 149 minutes (range, 80–245 minutes). All flaps survived, although 8 patients experienced partial flap loss. The operative duration decreased with increasing patient age and when end-to-end arterial anastomosis was performed. However, the risk increased with larger flap sizes and in patients with end-stage renal disease. Conclusions Our study identified several factors and methods that could accelerate TDAP free-flap procedures. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing surgical processes and improving overall surgical outcomes. Although further research is needed to confirm and expand upon these findings, our study provides important guidance for surgeons in developing effective strategies for TDAP flap surgery.