Antibody neutralization capacity after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in people with HIV in Canada

Author:

Costiniuk Cecilia T.123,Singer Joel456,Lee Terry56,Galipeau Yannick7,McCluskie Pauline S.7,Arnold Corey7,Langlois Marc-André7,Needham Judy56,Jenabian Mohammad-Ali8,Burchell Ann N.910,Samji Hasina1112,Chambers Catharine1013,Walmsley Sharon14,Ostrowski Mario15,Kovacs Colin16,Tan Darrell H.S.131417,Harris Marianne18,Hull Mark18,Brumme Zabrina L.1118,Lapointe Hope R.18,Brockman Mark A.111819,Margolese Shari5,Mandarino Enrico5,Samarani Suzanne1,Vulesevic Branka520,Lebouché Bertrand122122,Angel Jonathan B.720,Routy Jean-Pierre1223,Cooper Curtis L.20,Anis Aslam H.456,

Affiliation:

1. Division of Infectious Diseases/Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital

2. Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Research Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre

3. Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec

4. School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia

5. CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN)

6. Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia

7. Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario

8. Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Québec

9. Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto

10. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario

11. Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby

12. British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia

13. MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St Michael's Hospital

14. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto

15. Clinical Sciences Division and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital

16. Maple Leaf Medical Clinic

17. Institute of Public Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario

18. British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver

19. Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia

20. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario

21. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University

22. Canadian Institutes of Health Research Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research Mentorship Chair in Innovative Clinical Trials

23. Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.

Abstract

Objectives: Many vaccines require higher/additional doses or adjuvants to provide adequate protection for people with HIV (PWH). Here, we compare coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine-induced antibody neutralization capacity in PWH vs. HIV-negative individuals following two vaccine doses. Design: In Canadian prospective observational cohorts, including a multicentre study of PWH receiving at least two COVID-19 vaccinations (mRNA or ChAdOx1-S), and a parallel study of HIV-negative controls (Stop the Spread Ottawa Cohort), we measured vaccine-induced neutralization capacity 3 months post dose 2 (±1 month). Methods: COVID-19 neutralization efficiency was measured by calculating the half maximal inhibitory dilution (ID50) using a high-throughput protein-based neutralization assay for Ancestral (Wuhan), Delta and Omicron (BA.1) spike variants. Univariable and multivariable quantile regression were used to compare COVID-19-specific antibody neutralization capacity by HIV status. Results: Neutralization assays were performed on 256 PWH and 256 controls based on specimen availability at the timepoint of interest, having received two vaccines and known date of vaccination. There was a significant interaction between HIV status and previous COVID-19 infection status in median ID50. There were no differences in median ID50 for HIV+ vs. HIV-negative persons without past COVID-19 infection. For participants with past COVID-19 infection, median ICD50 was significantly higher in controls than in PWH for ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron variants, with a trend for the Delta variant in the same direction. Conclusion: Vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 neutralization capacity was similar between PWH vs. HIV-negative persons without past COVID-19 infection, demonstrating favourable humoral-mediated immunogenicity. Both HIV+ and HIV-negative persons demonstrated hybrid immunity. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov NCT04894448.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

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