A National Survey of Pediatric Post-Acute Care Facilities*

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To identify and geolocate pediatric post-acute care (PAC) facilities in the United States. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey using both online resources and telephone inquiry. SETTING: All 50 U.S. states surveyed from June 2022 to May 2023. Care sites identified via state regulatory agencies and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Number, size, and type of facility, scope of practice, and type of care provided. One thousand three hundred fifty-five facilities were surveyed; of these, 18.6% (252/1355) were pediatric-specific units or adult facilities accepting some pediatric patients. There were 109 pediatric-specific facilities identified within 39 U.S. states. Of these, 38 were freestanding with all accepting children with tracheostomies, 97.4% (37/38) accepting those requiring mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy, and 81.6% (31/38) accepting those requiring parenteral nutrition. The remaining 71 facilities were adult facilities with embedded pediatric units or children’s hospitals with 88.7% (63/71), 54.9% (39/71), and 54.9% (39/71), accepting tracheostomies, mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy, and parenteral nutrition, respectively. Eleven states lacked any pediatric-specific PAC units or facilities. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of pediatric PAC is sparse and uneven across the United States. We present an interactive map and database describing these facilities. These data offer a starting point for exploring the consequences of pediatric PAC supply.