Affiliation:
1. St Columba’s Hospice Care, Edinburgh, UK
2. The Cancer Cachexia Society
Abstract
Purpose of review
To explore the current evidence relating to the practical management of cancer cachexia in palliative care.
Recent findings
The authors found a growing evidence base including the publication of several expert guidelines since 2020. Guidelines identified the need for individualised nutritional and physical exercise support as the mainstay of cachexia management. Dietician and allied health professional referrals are recommended for the best patient outcomes. Limitations of nutritional support and exercise are acknowledged. Patient outcomes from multimodal anti-cachexia therapy are awaited at this time. Communication about the mechanisms of cachexia and nutritional counselling are identified as ways to reduce distress. Evidence supporting the use of pharmacological agents remains insufficient to make recommendations. Corticosteroids and progestins may be offered for symptom relief in refractory cachexia, taking into consideration well-documented side effects. Emphasis is placed on adequately managing nutritional impact symptoms. A specific role for palliative care clinicians and the use of existing palliative care guidelines in managing cancer cachexia were not identified.
Summary
Current evidence recognises the inherently palliative nature of cancer cachexia management, and practical guidance correlates with the tenets of palliative care. Individualised approaches to support nutritional intake, physical exercise and alleviate symptoms that accelerate cachexia processes are currently recommended.
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Subject
Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine,Oncology (nursing),Oncology,General Medicine
Cited by
1 articles.
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