Concurrent PTEN and PDGFRB Alterations Characterize Storiform Collagenoma

Abstract

Storiform collagenoma is a rare mesenchymal skin tumor that is composed of thickened collagen bundles arranged in a characteristic storiform pattern with a relatively hypocellular CD34-positive spindle cell component. Storiform collagenoma is most often sporadic, but multiple lesions can occur in Cowden syndrome, which is characterized by germline alterations in PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) on chromosome 10. Here, we investigated the molecular pathogenesis of storiform collagenoma using a targeted next-generation DNA sequencing platform, including 5 sporadic cases and one case associated with Cowden syndrome. Recurrent PTEN alterations were identified in all cases, with biallelic PTEN inactivation observed in the case associated with Cowden syndrome and one sporadic case. Unexpectedly, we also identified recurrent activating mutations in the platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) gene. This included a missense substitution in the D5 Ig-like domain of PDGFRB in the Cowden syndrome-associated case. In addition, we report missense alterations in the juxtamembrane domain of PDGFRB in 4 of 5 (80%) sporadic cases, including mutations that have been previously described in sporadic myofibroma and myopericytoma. Therefore, we confirm the neoplastic nature of storiform collagenoma, we expand the spectrum of reported PDGFRB alterations in mesenchymal tumors and we suggest a possible collaborative role for PTEN and PDGFRB in the pathogenesis of storiform collagenoma.