1. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
2. Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
3. Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
4. Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
5. Department of Urology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan
6. Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan