Racial and Ethnic Differences in Heroin, Methamphetamine, and Cocaine Use, Treatment, and Mortality Trends in 3 National Data Sources—United States, 2010-2019-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Heroin, Methamphetamine, and Cocaine Use, Treatment, and Mortality Trends in 3 National Data Sources—United States, 2010-2019

Published:2024-01-05 Issue:3 Volume:62 Page:151-160
ISSN:0025-7079
Container-title:Medical Care
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Shearer Riley D.¹²,Segel Joel E.³⁴,Howell Benjamin A.⁵⁶⁷,Jones Abenaa A.⁸,Khatri Utsha G.⁹,Teixeira da Silva Daniel¹⁰¹¹,Vest Noel¹²,Winkelman Tyler N.A.¹¹³

Affiliation:

1. Health, Homelessness, and Criminal Justice Lab, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN

2. Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN

3. Department of Health Policy and Administration, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA

4. Consortium on Substance Use and Addiction, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA

5. Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

6. SEICHE Center for Health and Justice, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

7. Program in Addiction Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

8. Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA

9. Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY

10. National Clinician Scholars Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

11. Department of General Internal Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

12. Department of Anesthesia Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

13. Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN

Abstract

Background: As overdose deaths continue to rise, public health officials need comprehensive surveillance data to design effective prevention, harm reduction, and treatment strategies. Disparities across race and ethnicity groups, as well as trends in substance use, treatment, or overdose deaths, have been examined individually, but reports rarely compare findings across multiple substances or data sources. Objective: To provide a broad assessment of the overdose crisis, we describe trends in substance use, treatment, and overdose mortality across racial and ethnic groups for multiple substances. Research Design: We conducted a longitudinal, cross-sectional analysis comparing trends. Subjects: We identified self-reported use from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, substance use treatment admissions from the Treatment Episode Data Set-Admissions, and overdose deaths from the CDC’s Multiple Cause of Death files. Measures: We measured rates of substance use, treatment, and deaths involving heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine among United States adults from 2010 to 2019. Results: Heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine use increased, though not all changes were statistically significant. Treatment admissions indicating heroin and methamphetamine increased while admissions indicating cocaine decreased. Overdose deaths increased among all groups: methamphetamine (257%–1,115%), heroin (211%–577%), and cocaine (88%–259%). Changes in rates of use, treatment, and death for specific substances varied by racial and ethnic group. Conclusions: Substance use, treatment, and overdose mortality changed considerably, though not always equivalently. Identifying diverging trends in substance-related measures for specific substances and racial and ethnic groups can inform targeted investment in treatment to reduce disparities and respond to emerging changes in the overdose crisis.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

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