Clinical Pharmacist Transition of Care Model Improves Hospital System Practice by Reducing Readmissions

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose: A primary cause of hospital readmission is medication-related problems (MRPs). Polypharmacy patients taking multiple medications concurrently experience an increased likelihood of MRPs and high occurrence of readmissions to the hospital within 30 days. This study assessed the ability of a pharmacist-led transition of care program to decrease readmissions in polypharmacy patients by evaluating and rectifying MRPs. Methods: Over 16 months, patients admitted onto the medicine ward service with ≥10 home medications (n = 536) received medication management interventions from a clinical pharmacist including admission interview, medication reconciliation and consultation, and postdischarge phone follow-up. Admitted patients taking fewer than 10 home medications during the same time served as the control group and received routine standard of care (n = 2317). Results: The polypharmacy group who received the pharmacist-led intervention had a statistically significantly lower 30-day readmission rate (8.8%) compared with patients in the control group (12.4%; X2 = 5.63, p = .01). Patients receiving pharmacist intervention were 33% less likely to be readmitted within 30 days of discharge compared with the control group (odds ratio = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.49–0.94). All patients had at least one medication-related discrepancy. Conclusion: This pharmacy-led transition of care program can effectively reduce readmission rates through resolution of medication-related problems.