Ginsenoside Rg1 protects the blood–brain barrier and myelin sheath to prevent postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged mice

Author:

Huang Yao12,Yang Dianping2,Liao Sijing2,Guan Xilin2,Zhou Feiran3,Liu Yan2,Wang Yong2,Zhang Ying124

Affiliation:

1. Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University

2. Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University

3. Department of Pain, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University

4. Department of Anesthesiology, Heiiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China

Abstract

In this study, the postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) mouse model was established to observe the changes in inflammation, blood–brain barrier permeability, and myelin sheath, and we explore the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 pretreatment on improving POCD syndrome. The POCD model of 15- to 18-month-old mice was carried out with internal fixation of tibial fractures under isoflurane anesthesia. Pretreatment was performed by continuous intraperitoneal injection of ginsenoside Rg1(40 mg/kg/day) for 14 days before surgery. The cognitive function was detected by the Morris water maze. The contents of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in the hippocampus, cortex, and serum were detected by ELISA. The permeability of blood–brain barrier was observed by Evans blue. The mRNA levels and protein expression levels of 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (CNPase), myelin basic protein (MBP), beta-catenin, and cyclin D1 in the hippocampus were analyzed by quantitative PCR and western blotting. The protein expression levels of ZO-1 and Wnt1 in the hippocampus were analyzed by western blotting. Finally, the localizations of CNPase and MBP in the hippocampus were detected by immunofluorescence. Ginsenoside Rg1 can prevent POCD, peripheral and central inflammation, and blood–brain barrier leakage, and reverse the downregulation of ZO-1, CNPase, MBP, and Wnt pathway-related molecules in aged mice. Preclinical studies suggest that ginsenoside Rg1 improves postoperative cognitive function in aged mice by protecting the blood–brain barrier and myelin sheath, and its specific mechanism may be related to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Funder

Sichuan Medical Research (Youth Innovation) Program

University-level scientific research project of Southwest Medical University

Chinese medicine research project of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine

The scientific research team training project of The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

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